John cowper powys autobiography template
John Cowper Powys
English novelist and thinker (1872–1963)
John Cowper Powys | |
---|---|
Born | John Cowper Powys (1872-10-08)8 October 1872 Shirley, Derbyshire, England |
Died | 17 June 1963(1963-06-17) (aged 90) Blaenau Ffestiniog, Wales |
Occupation | Philosopher, poet, lecturer, novelist, learned critic |
Alma mater | Corpus Christi College, Cambridge University |
Period | 1915–1963 |
Genre | Novel, poetry, philosophy |
Notable works | Wolf Solent (1929) A Glastonbury Romance (1932) Autobiography (1934) Owen Glendower (1941) Porius (1951) |
Spouses | Margaret Lyon Phyllis Playter |
John Cowper Powys (KOO-pər POH-iss; 8 October 1872 – 17 June 1963) was an English novelist, philosopher, pedagogue, critic and poet born heritage Shirley, Derbyshire, where his daddy was vicar of the parishioners church in 1871–1879.[1] Powys attended with a volume of pen in 1896 and a control novel in 1915, but gained success only with his newfangled Wolf Solent in 1929.
Take steps has been seen as top-notch successor to Thomas Hardy, deliver Wolf Solent, A Glastonbury Romance (1932), Weymouth Sands (1934), suffer Maiden Castle (1936) have antediluvian called his Wessex novels. Makeover with Hardy, landscape is chief to his works. So hype elemental philosophy in his characters' lives.[2] In 1934 he accessible an autobiography.
His itinerant lectures were a success in England and in 1905–1930 in class United States, where he wrote many of his novels bear had several first published. Sharp-tasting moved to Dorset, England, mass 1934 with a US colleague, Phyllis Playter. In 1935 they moved to Corwen, Merionethshire, Princedom, where he set two novels, and in 1955 to Blaenau Ffestiniog, where he died entail 1963.
Biography
Early life
Powys was indigene in Shirley, Derbyshire, in 1872, the son of the Monk Charles Francis Powys (1843–1923), avoid Mary Cowper Johnson, granddaughter be in command of Dr John Johnson, the cousin-german and close friend of goodness poet William Cowper.[3] He came from a family of squad children, many of whom were also talented.
The family ephemeral in Shirley between 1871 delighted 1879, briefly in Dorchester, Dorset and then they moved assume Montacute, Somerset, where Charles Powys was vicar for thirty-two years.[4]
John Cowper Powys's two younger brothers Llewelyn Powys (1884–1939) and Theodore Francis Powys were well-known writers, while his sister Philippa Powys published a novel and virtuous poetry.
Another sister Marian Powys was an authority on incorrect and lace-making and published far-out book on this subject.[5] Authority brother A. R. Powys was Secretary of the Society rag the Protection of Ancient Structure, and published a number go along with books on architectural subjects.[6] Powys was educated at Sherborne Grammar and graduated from Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, June 1894.[7]
On 6 April 1896 he married Margaret Lyon.
They had a daughter, Littleton Alfred, in 1902.[8] Powys's first employment was teaching proclaim girls' schools in Brighton, view then Eastbourne.[9] His first publicized works were two highly matter-of-fact collections of poetry published upgrade the 1890s. He worked shake off 1898 as an Extension coach throughout England, for both Town and Cambridge Universities.[10]
Lecturer in America
Then from 1905 to the mistimed 1930s, he lectured in distinction United States for the Inhabitant Society for the Extension give an account of University Teaching, gaining a reliable as a charismatic speaker.[11] Stylishness spent his summers in England.
During this time he cosmopolitan the length and breadth time off the US, as well brand into Canada.[12] Powys's marriage was unsatisfactory, and Powys eventually temporary a large part of reprimand year in the USA, put up with had relationships with various women.[13] An important woman in monarch life was the American lyricist Frances Gregg, whom he culminating met in Philadelphia in 1912.[14] He was also a keep a note of of the famous dancer Isadora Duncan.[15] Another friend and spruce up important supporter in America was the novelist Theodore Dreiser.[16] Pretend 1921 he met Phyllis Playter, the twenty-six-year-old daughter of fat cat and business man Franklin Playter.[17] Eventually they established a hard and fast relationship, though he was not able to divorce his wife Margaret, who was a Catholic.
Banish, he diligently supported Margaret delighted the education of their son.[18]
In the US he engaged superimpose a public debate with excellence philosopher Bertrand Russell on wedding, and he also debated criticize the philosopher and historian Disposition Durant.[19] Powys was also well-organized witness in the obscenity research of James Joyce's novel Ulysses,[20] and was mentioned with authorization in the autobiography of For free feminist and anarchist, Emma Nihilist.
Powys would later share Goldman's support for the Spanish Revolution.[21]
His first novel Wood and Stone, which Powys dedicated to Poet Hardy, was published in 1915. This was followed by collections of literary essays Visions and Revisions (1915) and Suspended Judgment (1916).
In Confessions allowance Two Brothers (1916), a snitch that also contains a area by his brother Llewelyn, Powys writes about his personal judgment, something he elaborated on demonstrate The Complex Vision (1920), empress first full length work goods popular philosophy. He also accessible three collections of poetry amidst 1916 and 1922.
Politically, Powys described himself as an syndicalist and was both anti-fascist existing anti-Stalinist: "Powys already regarded domination and Stalinism as appalling, however different, totalitarian regimes".[22][23]
It was whoop until 1929, with the innovative Wolf Solent, that Powys brought about any critical or financial success.[24] In 1930 Powys and Phyllis moved from Greenwich Village draw New York City to Hillsdale in rural upstate New York.[25] One of Powys's most dearest novels, A Glastonbury Romance, available in 1932, sold well, even supposing he made little if set of scales money from it because constantly a libel lawsuit.[26] Another director work, Autobiography, was published be grateful for 1934.
Settling in Wales
Then carry June 1934 Powys and Phyllis left America and moved make inquiries England, living first in Dorchester, the setting for the parting Wessex novel, Maiden Castle, in the past eventually moving in July 1935 to Corwen, DenbighshireNorth Wales, write down the help of the writer James Hanley, who lived nearby.[27]Corwen was historically part of Edeirnion or Edeyrnion and an old commote of medieval Wales, long ago a part of the Homeland of Powys.[28] There Powys haggard himself in Welsh literature, beliefs and culture, including learning indifference read Welsh.[29] The move brilliant two major historical novels bash into Welsh settings, Owen Glendower (1941) and Porius (1951).
Margaret Powys died in 1947, and fillet son Littleton Alfred in 1954.[30]
In May 1955 they moved, edify the last time, to Blaenau Ffestiniog in North Wales. Can Cowper Powys died in 1963 and Phyllis Playter in 1982.[31]
Works
Poetry
Powys's first published works were poetry: Odes and Other Poems (1896), Poems (1899), collections which be endowed with "echoes […] of Tennyson, Traitor, Swinburne, among contemporaries, and method Milton and Wordsworth and Keats".
These were published with say publicly assistance of his cousin Ralph Shirley, who was a vice-president of William Rider and Newborn the publisher of them.[32] Nervous tension the summer of 1905 Powys composed "The Death of God" an epic poem "modelled perspective the blank verse of Poet, Keats, and Tennyson" that was published as Lucifer in 1956.[33] There were three further volumes of poetry: Wolf's Bane (1916), Mandragora (1917) and Samphire (1922).
The first two collections were published by Powys's manager Fleecy. Arnold Shaw. An unfinished, keep apart narrative poem "The Ridge" was published in January 1963, before long before Powys's death that June.[34] In 1964 Kenneth Hopkins available John Cowper Powys: A Assortment from his Poems and demand 1979 the Welsh poet stomach critic Roland Mathias thought that side of Powys worthy behoove critical study and published The Hollowed-Out Elder Stalk: John Poet Powys as Poet.[35] Belinda Humfrey, suggests that "[p]erhaps Powys's reasonable poems are those given hitch Jason Otter in Wolf Solent and Taliessin in Porius."[36]
The Metropolis Book of Twentieth Century Arts Verse (1973) edited by Justly poet Philip Larkin contains "In A Hotel Writing-Room" by Powys.
Novels
Wessex novels
While he was top-hole famous lecturer and published elegant variety of both fiction move non-fiction regularly from 1915, punch was not until he was in his early fifties, restore the publication of Wolf Solent in 1929, that he accomplished critical and financial success likewise a novelist.[37] This novel was reprinted several times in both the United States and Kingdom and translated into German providential 1930 and French in 1931.[38] In the Preface he wrote for the 1961 Macdonald footpath of the novel Powys states: "Wolf Solent is a game park of Nostalgia, written in fine foreign country with the next-door of a traveller and greatness ink-blood of his home".[39]Wolf Solent is set in Ramsgard, homegrown on Sherborne, Dorset, where Powys attended school from May 1883, as well as Blacksod, modelled on Yeovil, Somerset, and Dorchester and Weymouth, both in Dorset, all places full of life for him.[40] In the by far year The Meaning of Culture was published and it, as well, was frequently reprinted.
In Apology of Sensuality, published at distinction end of the following epoch, was yet another best seller.[41] First published in 1933, A Philosophy of Solitude was regarding best seller for Powys improve the USA.[41]
Before Wolf Solent all over had been four earlier starter novels: Wood and Stone (1915), Rodmoor (1916), the posthumous After my Fashion (1980), which was written around 1920, and Ducdame (1925).[42]Wolf Solent was the labour of the so-called Wessex novels, which include A Glastonbury Romance (1932), Weymouth Sands (1934) increase in intensity Maiden Castle (1936).[43] Powys was an admirer of Thomas Durable, and these novels are set down in Somerset and Dorset, faculties of Hardy's mythical Wessex.[44] Decency American scholar Richard Maxwell designated these four novels "as extraordinarily successful with the reading the upper crust of his time".[45]Maiden Castle, distinction last of the Wessex novels, is set in Dorchester, Poet Hardy's Casterbridge.
Powys intended square to be a rival assert Hardy's The Mayor of Casterbridge.[46]
All the same, despite his acknowledgment to the Victorian novel added his enthusiasm for Hardy, Director Scott and such lesser tally as Ainsworth, Powys was unaffectedly a modernist.[47] He has affinities also with Fyodor Dostoevsky, Friedrich Nietzsche, Walter Pater, Marcel Novelist, Carl Jung, Sigmund Freud, Sequence.
H. Lawrence, James Joyce splendid Dorothy Richardson.[48]
It is clear give birth to Powys's diaries that his new-found success was much helped disrespect the stability that his arrogance with Phyllis Playter gave him and her frequent advice evocation his work in progress.[49]
A Glastonbury Romance sold particularly well invoice its British edition, though that was of little avail hoot it was the subject faux an expensive libel case ruined by Gerard Hodgkinson, the possessor of the Wookey Hole Caves, who felt himself identifiably direct unfairly portrayed in the sixth sense of Philip Crow.[50] According round on Powys, this novel's "heroine laboratory analysis the Grail",[51] and its essential concern is with the a variety of myths, legends and history reciprocal with Glastonbury.
Not only evaluation A Glastonbury Romance concerned arrange a deal the legend that Joseph draw round Arimathea brought the Grail, on the rocks vessel containing the blood lecture Christ, to the town, on the other hand the further tradition that Paper Arthur was buried there.[52] Moreover one of the novel's go on characters, the Welshman Owen Archeologist, introduces the idea that blue blood the gentry Grail has a Welsh (Celtic), pagan, pre-Christian origin.[53] The prime sources for Powys's ideas basis mythology and the Grail account are Sir John Rhys's Studies in the Arthurian Legend, Distinction.
S. Loomis's Celtic Myth build up Arthurian Romance, and the scrunch up of Jessie Weston, including From Ritual to Romance.[54]T. S. Eliot's The Waste Land is selection possible influence.[55] A central presentation of A Glastonbury Romance comment the attempt by John Geard, an ex-minister now the Politician of Glastonbury, to restore Glastonbury to its medieval glory trade in a place of religious pilgrimage.[56] On the other hand, blue blood the gentry Glastonbury industrialist Philip Crow, go along with John and Mary Vaporing and Tom Barter, who put in order, like him, from Norfolk, keep an eye on the myths and legends have fun the town with contempt.[57] Philip's vision is of a with more mines and explain factories.
John Crow, however, chimp he is penniless, takes audaciously the task of organising splendid pageant for Geard. At say publicly same time an alliance clever Anarchists, Marxists, and Jacobins breakin to turn Glastonbury into deft commune.
Welsh novels
While Welsh teachings was already important in A Glastonbury Romance and Maiden Castle it became still more middling after he and Phyllis Playter moved to Corwen, Wales, deliver 1935, first in the trivial novel Morwyn or The Retaliation of God (1937).[58] Another key element in Morwyn, is accusation of animal cruelty, especially vivisection, a theme also found mosquito Weymouth Sands (1934).[59] As top-notch result, some writers have local to Powys as a forebear attention to detail the modern animal rights movement.[60][61] In 1944, Powys wrote turnout anti-vivisection article for Leo Rodenhurst's The Abolitionist, a paper available by the British Union expend the Abolition of Vivisection.[62] Powys was also associated with significance National Anti-Vivisection Society, where take action met Evalyn Westacott, author classic A Century of Vivisection prep added to Anti-Vivisection (1949), who cited Powys arguments against vivisection, which Powys came to see as goodness worst of all crimes.[62]
There exploitation followed two major historical novels set in Wales, Owen Glendower (1941)[63] and Porius (1951).
Illustriousness first deals with the revolution of the Welsh Prince Owain Glyndŵr (1400–1416 CE), while Porius takes place in the goal of the mythic King President (499 CE). However, Arthur report a minor character compared be different the Welsh Prince Porius deed the King's magician Myrddin (Merlin). In both works, but particularly Porius, Powys makes use illustrate the mythology found in integrity Welsh classic The Mabinogion.[64]Porius bash, for some, the crowning conquest of Powys's maturity, but austerity are repelled by its gathering darkness.
It was originally cut sternly for publication, but in latest years two attempts have bent made to recreate Powys's machiavellian intent.[65]
It is not surprising think about it John Cowper Powys, after forbidden moved to Corwen, decided surpass begin a novel about Owain Glyndŵr, as it was check Corwen that Glyndŵr's rebellion ruin Henry IV began on 16 September 1400,[66] when he officially assumed the ancestral title govern Prince of Powys at authority manor house of Glyndyfrdwy, escalate in the parish of Corwen.
In September 1935, Phyllis Playter had suggested he should manage a historical novel about Owain Glyndŵr.[67] An important aspect appropriate Owen Glendower are historical parallels between the beginning of birth 15th century and the four-sided figure 1930s and early 1940s: "A sense of contemporataneousness is shrewd present in Owen Glendower.
Astonishment are in a world sketch out change like our own".[68] Illustriousness novel was conceived at unadorned time when the "Spanish Civilized War[note 1] was a senior topic of public debate" tell completed on 24 December 1939, a few months after Sphere War II had begun.[69]
Porius wreckage set mainly in Corwen.
Justness events take place in grandeur week of "October 18, finish with October 25, A.D. 499", near a historical period when, Powys claims, "There appears to excellence an absolute blank, as great as documentary evidence goes, outstrip regard to the history worry about Britain".[70] This was in truth a time of major transformation in the history of Kingdom, with the replacing of Italian traditions with Saxon rule suffer the conversion of the Land to Christianity.[71] There are moreover, as with Owen Glendower, parallels with contemporary history: "The Black Ages and the 1930s representative the periods of what Powys, in Yeatsian phrase calls 'appalling transition'."[72] and there was fine clear possibility of another "Saxon" invasion, when Powys began chirography Porius in 1942.[73] In preparative comments probably written about 1949, as the Cold War began, Powys suggests:
As we upon the historic background to [...] grandeur last year of the 5th century [sic], it is out of the question not to think of honesty background of human life depart from which we watch the final half of the twentieth c dissolve into the second one-half.
As the old gods were departing then, so the pitch gods are departing now. Move as the future was irrational with the terrifying possibilities foothold human disaster then, so, these days, are we confronted by illustriousness possibility of catastrophic world events.[74]
Powys also saw Glyndŵr's rebellion engaging place at the time apparent "one of the most large and startling epochs of transition that the world has known".[75]
Just as the landscape of Dorset and Somerset and the characters' deep personal relationships with confront had been of importance impossible to differentiate the great Wessex novels, as follows the landscape of Wales was now significant, especially that work for the Corwen region.
The place and the intimate relations put off characters have with the rudiments, including the sky, wind, plants, animals, and insects, have acceptable significance in all Powys's works.[76] These are linked to choice major influence: Romanticism, especially William Wordsworth[77] and writers influenced unhelpful Wordsworth such as Walter Pater.[78] Powys also admired Goethe extremity Rousseau.[79] Words such as mysticism[80] and pantheism[81] are sometimes ragged in discussing Powys's attitude find time for nature, but what he run through concerned with is an thrilled response to the natural fake, epiphanies such as Wordsworth describes in his "Ode: Intimations make a fuss over Immortality",[82] with an important be acceptable that Powys believes that representation ecstasy of the young offspring can be retained by take in adult who actively cultivates significance power of the imagination.[83] Tedious have compared this to Inhabitant and such contemplative practices,[84] shaft for Powys, and the protagonists of his novels who most often resemble him, the cultivation cosy up a psycho-sensuous philosophy is whilst important as the Christian sanctuary was for an earlier generation.[85]
Late novels
More minor in scale, position novels that followed Porius peal marked by elements of originality.
The Inmates (1952) is impassioned in a madhouse and explores Powys's interest in mental ill, but it is a business on which Powys failed undertake bestow sufficient "time and care".[86] Glen Cavaliero, in John Sawbones Powys: Novelist, describes the novels written after Porius as "the spontaneous fairy tales of unornamented Rabelaisiansurrealist enchanted with life", weather finds Atlantis (1954) "the most superbly and most sustained" of them.[87]Atlantis is set in the Elevated world.
The protagonist is Nisos, the young son of Odysseus, who plans to voyage westernmost from Ithaca over the subaqueous Atlantis.[88] Powys final fiction, much as Up and Out (1957) and All or Nothing (1960) "use the mode of study fiction, although science has pollex all thumbs butte part in them".[89]
Non-fiction
Autobiographical
One of Powys's most important works, his Autobiography (1934), describes his first 60 years.
While he sets passionate to be totally frank wake up himself, and especially his procreant peculiarities and perversions, he contemptuously excludes any substantial discussion tip off the women in his life.[90] The reason for this recapitulate now much clearer because awe now know that it was written while he was on level pegging married to Margaret, though let go was living in a unceasing relationship with Phyllis Playter.
It is one of his summit important works and writer List. B. Priestley suggests that, much if Powys had not tedious a single novel, "this freshen book alone would have welltrained him to be a litt‚rateur of genius."[91] And it "has justly been compared to magnanimity Confessions of Jean-Jacques Rousseau.[92]
John Sawbones Powys was a prolific penny-a-liner of letters, many of which have been published, and taken aloof a diary from 1929; distinct diaries, including this one, be endowed with been published.[93] Among his editorial writers were the novelists Theodore Writer, James Purdy, James Hanley, Rhetorician Miller and Dorothy Richardson, however he also replied to leadership many ordinary admirers who wrote to him.[94]
Philosophy
Periodically, over almost 50 years, starting with Confessions follow Two Brothers in 1916, Powys wrote works that present cap personal philosophy of life.
These are not works of judgment in the academic sense; fuse a bookstore the appropriate tract might be self-help. Powys describes A Philosophy of Solitude (1933) as a "short textbook a few the various mental tricks emergency which the human soul crapper obtain […] comparative happiness under the normal burden of sensitive fate".[95] Powys's various works confiscate popular philosophy may seem unmixed potboilers, written to help authority finances as he worked distillation his novels, but critics corresponding Denis Lane, Harald Fawkner final Janina Nordius see in them insight into "the intellectual structures that form the metastructures pleasant the great novels".[96] These entireness were frequently bestsellers, especially interest the United States.
The Impression of Culture (1929) went brush-off 20 editions in Powys's lifetime.[97]In Defence of Sensuality, published pocket-sized the end of the pursuing year, was yet another bestseller,[41] as was A Philosophy remark Solitude (1933).[41]
Literary criticism
Taking advantage allude to his reputation as an gypsy lecturer, Powys published in 1915 a collection of literary essays, Visions and Revisions.
This was published by the manager be paid his lecture tours, Arnold Clarinetist, as were the subsequent Suspended Judgements: Essays on Books talented Sensations (1916) and One Thousand Best Books (1916). Visions enthralled Revisions went through four tracks in 16 months.[98] In righteousness next 30 years he in print essay collection, The Enjoyment provide Literature (1938) (The Pleasures fend for Literature in the UK), one studies of writers, Dorothy Richardson (1931), Dostoievsky (1947), and Rabelais (1948), and journal essays analyze various writers such as Theodore Dreiser, Marcel Proust, James Writer, and D.
H. Lawrence.[99] Close to is also a work make John Keats, part of which was published posthumously, and neat study of Aristophanes that Powys was working on in her majesty later years.[100]
Powys's literary criticism was generally well received by reviewers. Morine Krissdottir in her new biography describes the essays efficient Suspended Judgements as "fine criticism".[101] As for The Pleasures mean Literature, the writer Kenneth Moneyman states that "[i]f ever nearby was a book of valuation for the general reader, that is it."[102] In the Decade Powys wrote books on a handful of of his favourite authors: Dostoievsky (1946) and Rabelais (1948).
Loftiness latter was particularly praised invitation some reviewers. The Rabelais academic Donald M. Frame, for dispute, in the Romantic Review, Dec 1951, describes Powys's translation (only of one fourth of Rabelais) "the best we have rope in English".[103] A French translation fairhaired Rabelais, by Catherine Lieutenant, was published in 1990.[104]
Reputation
Powys is topping controversial writer, "who evokes both massive contempt and near idolatry."[105] While Walter Allen in Tradition and Dream recognises Powys's magician, he is dissatisfied with what Powys has done with have round, seeing his approach to significance novel as "so alien cope with the temper of the date as to be impossible farm many people to take seriously".[106] Yet Annie Dillard sees Powys as "a powerful genius, whose novels stir us deeply."[107] Unbreakable throughout his career is authority admiration of novelists as distinct as Theodore Dreiser, Henry Dramatist, Iris Murdoch, Margaret Drabble,[108]James Purdy, and the academic critics Martyr Painter, G.
Wilson Knight, Martyr Steiner,[109] Harald Fawkner and Theologiser McGann. The film director Bathroom Boorman wrote in his life of contemplating a movie change of A Glastonbury Romance exactly in his career.[110]
In 1958, "Powys was presented with the Discolour Plaque of the Hamburg Give up Academy of Arts in acceptance of his outstanding services become literature and philosophy".[111] Then disquiet 23 July 1962, aged 90, he gained an honorary proportion of Doctor of Lettersin absentia from the University of Cambria at Swansea, as "patriarch be taken in by the literature of these islands".[112] He was nominated for depiction Nobel Prize in Literature next to Enid Starkie in 1958 station by G.
Wilson Knight response 1959 and 1962.[113]
Powys's works possess been translated into French,[114] German,[115] Swedish,[116] Japanese,[117] and other languages.
Bibliography
Internet Archive
Numerous books, etc.
jam, or about Powys, can promote to read online at "John Surgeon Powys" Internet Archive
Novels
- Wood and Stone (1915) online text [1]
- Rodmoor (1916) online text [2]
- After My Fashion (written 1919, published 1980)
- Ducdame (1925)
- Wolf Solent (1929) online text [3]
- A Glastonbury Romance (1933) online subject of the 1934, 5th UK impression.
This is a example version, but less so mystify later editions.
- Weymouth Sands (1934) online text [4]
- Jobber Skald (heavily adulterate version of the above choose UK market, 1935).
- Maiden Castle (1936) Overlook edition available at [5]
- Morwyn: or The Vengeance of God (1937)
- Owen Glendower.
New York, [1941] available at [6]
- Porius: A Declaration of the Dark Ages (1951), restored texts 1994 and 2007. Two versions available at [7]
- The Inmates (1952)
- Atlantis (1954)
- The Brazen Head (1956)
- Up and Out (two novellas, 1957)
- Homer and the Aether (1959)
- All or Nothing (1960)
- Real Wraiths (novella, 1974)
- Two and Two (novella, 1974)
- You and Me (novella, 1975)
- Three Fantasies.
Manchester: Carcanet, 1985.
Short stories
- The Howl, The Duck, and – Be absent from Rowe! Miss Rowe! (1930)
- Romer Mowl and Other Stories (collection publicised 1974)
- Three Fantasies (collection published 1985)
- Abertackle
- Cataclysm
- Topsy-Turvy
Philosophy
- The War and Culture (1914) [8]
- The Complex Vision (1920): Delegation Gutenberg [9]
- Psychoanalysis and Morality (1923).
available at [10]
- The Religion firm footing a Sceptic (1925) [11]
- The Task of Culture (1929)
- In Defence raise Sensuality (1930) available at [12]
- A Philosophy of Solitude (1933) free at [13]
- The Art of Happiness (1935) available at [14]
- Mortal Strife (1942)
- The Art of Growing Old (1944)
- In Spite of: A Metaphysics for Everyman (1953) available close [15]
Literary criticism and essays
- Visions bracket Revisions (1915) Online text [16]
- Suspended Judgements (1916): Project Gutenberg [17]
- One Hundred Best Books (1916): Plan Gutenberg [18]
- Dorothy Richardson (London: Cabinet-maker, 1931)
- The Enjoyment of Literature (1938; revised British version: The Pleasures of Literature
- Dostoievsky (London: John Lifeless The Bodley Head, 1946)
- Obstinate Cymric: Essays 1935–47 (1947)
- Rabelais (1948)
Poetry
- Odes enthralled Other Poems (1896) [19]
- Poems 1899 [20]
- Wolf's Bane: Rhymes (1916) Online [21]
- Mandragora: Poems (1917) Online contents [22]
- Samphire (1922) Online text [23]
- Lucifer: A Poem (Written:1905, Published: 1956)
- John Cowper Powys: A Selection dismiss His Poems, ed.
Kenneth Moneyman. London: Macdonald, 1964
Plays
- Paddock Calls, business partner "Introduction" by Charles Lock. London: Greymitre Books, 1984
Autobiographical
Diaries
- The Diary be taken in by John Cowper Powys for 1929, ed.
Anthony Head. London: Cecil Woolf, 1998
- The Diary of Privy Cowper Powys 1930, ed. Town Davies (1987)
- The Diary of Bathroom Cowper Powys 1931 (editor unfamiliar but published by Jeffrey Kwintner) (1990)
- Petrushka and the Dancer: Leadership Diaries of John Cowper Powys 1929–1939, ed.
Morine Krissdóttir (1995)
- 1939 Diary ms, National Library interrupt Wales, available online: [26]
Letters
- Letters look up to John Cowper Powys to Gladiator Wilkinson 1935–1956 (1958)
- Letters of Privy Cowper Powys to His Fellow Llewelyn, ed. Malcolm Elwin. 2 vols., (1975)
- Jack and Frances: Ethics Love Letters of John Sawbones Powys to Frances Gregg 2 vols., ed.
Oliver Wilkinson, aided by Christopher Wilkinson (1994)
- Powys increase in intensity Dorothy Richardson: Letters of Can Cowper Powys and Dorothy Richardson, ed. Janet Fouli (2008)
- Powys boss Emma Goldman: Letters of Can Cowper Powys and Emma Goldman, ed. David Goodway (2008)
- John Surgeon Powys: Letters to Nicholas Ross (selected by Nicholas and Adelaide Ross), ed.
Arthur Uphill (1971)
- Powys to Sea Eagle: Letters make public John Cowper Powys to Philipa Powys, ed. Anthony Head (1996)
- Letters to Henry Miller from Convenience Cowper Powys (1975) and Proteus and the Magician: The Penmanship of Henry Miller and Crapper Cowper Powys, ed.
Jacqueline Peltier. London: The Powys Society, 2014 (This contains letters by both men.)
- Powys to Knight: Letters be proper of John Cowper Powys to Indefinite. R. Wilson Knight, ed. Parliamentarian Blackmore (1983)
- John Cowper Powys: Dialogue 1937–54, ed. Iorwerth C. Peate, (1974)
- The Correspondence of James Purdy and John Cowper Powys 1956–1963, edited with an introduction emergency Michael Ballin and Charles Theatre.
Powys Journal, Vol. XXIII (August 2013)
Biography and critical studies
- Cavaliero, Valley. John Cowper Powys, Novelist
- Coates, C.A. John Cowper Powys in Sift of a Landscape. Totowa, NJ: Barnes and Noble, 1982
- David Goodway, Anarchist Seeds beneath the Snow: Left-Libertarian Thought and British Writers from William Morris to Colin Ward.
PM Press, 2011 (two chapters on Powys)
- Graves, Richard Perceval. The Brothers Powys (1983)
- Hooker, Jeremy. John Cowper Powys. Cardiff (1973)
- Humfrey, Belinda, ed.The Powys Review. Listing to critical articles and show aggression material: [27]
- Knight, G. Wilson.
The Saturnian Quest
- Krissdottir, Morine. Descents glimpse Memory: The Life of Toilet Cowper Powys. New York: Fail to notice Duckworth, 2007
- Lane, Denis, ed. In the Spirit of Powys: Spanking Essays. New York (1990)
- Miller, Physicist. The Immortal Bard. London: Parish Press, 1973. (pamphlet, print relations of 500 copies)
- Nordius, Janina.
I Am Myself Alone: Solitude sit Transcendence in John Cowper Powys
- Peltier, Jacqueline, ed. la lettre powysienne. Index to critical articles tell off other material: [28]
- Williams, Herbert. John Cowper Powys. (1997)
Bibliographical
- Langridge, Derek.
John Cowper Powys: A Record authentication Achievement (1966)
- Thomas, Dante. A Inventory of the Principal Writings shambles John Cowper Powys, Ph.D, Accuse University of New York, at the same height Albany, 1971. Published as A Bibliography of the Writings clutch John Cowper Powys. Mamaroneck, NY: Appel, 1975.
Notes
References
- ^Peak District online
- ^Denis Concentration, "The Elemental Image in Wolf Solent", in In the Vitality of Powys: New Essays, acclaimed.
Denis Lane. London and Toronto: Associated University Presses, 1990, owner. 57; and "Elementalism in Lavatory Cowper Powys's Porius". Papers squeal on Language and Literature, 17, pollex all thumbs butte. 4 (1981), pp. 381–404.
- ^John Poet Powys, Autobiography (1934). London: Macdonald, 1967. The most up-to-date examination information is found in Morine Krissdottir's, Descents of Memory: Blue blood the gentry Life of John Cowper Powys.
New York: Overlook Duckworth, 2007.
- ^Western Chronicle, 26 April 1918 p.7.
- ^Lace and Lace-Making. Boston: Mass., Come to terms with. Branford, 1953.
- ^London: J. M. Cavity & Sons Ltd., 1929; Unearth The Ground Up Collected Credentials Of A. R.
Powys disrespect A.R. Powy. London: Dent, 1937.
- ^"Powys, John Cowper (PWS891JC)". A Metropolis Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ^Herbert Williams, John Cowper Powys. Bridgend, Wales: Seren,1997, pp. 36, 44.
- ^Autobiography (1967), pp. 210, 244
- ^Kenneth Actor, John Cowper Powys: A Multiplicity from his Poems.
Hamilton, NY: Colgate University Press, 1964, proprietor. 13. Autobiography (1967), p. 223.
- ^Herbert Williams, John Cowper Powys, pp. 52–3.
- ^Herbert Williams, p. 55, Thrush Paterson, "Powys in Canada: Toilet Cowper Powys's Canadian Lectures". Powys Notes (1994/95, p. 33.
- ^Herbert Clergyman, pp.
77, 70.
- ^"Frances Gregg". www.powys-lannion.net. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
- ^Herbert Reverend, John Cowper Powys, pp. 83–4.
- ^Autobiography (1967), pp. 528, 550–5.
- ^Morine Krissdottir's, Descents of Memory, pp.
170
- ^Morine Krissdottir, Descents of Memory, pp. 72, 86–90, 170, 298.
- ^Autobiography (1967), p. 535.
- ^Morine Krissdottir's, Descents refreshing Memory, pp. 235–6; p.Ilario calvo biography of donald
212; p. 135.
- ^Vision on fire: Emma Goldman on the Nation Revolution edited by David Inferior, AK Press, 2006, p. 48.
- ^H. Gustav Klaus and Stephen Poet Knight, To Hell with Culture: Anarchism and Twentieth-Century British Literature. University of Wales Press, 2005. ISBN 0708318983. p. 127.
- ^See the deuce chapters on Powys in Painter Goodway's Anarchist Seeds beneath dignity Snow: Left-Libertarian Thought and Land Writers from William Morris count up Colin Ward.
PM Press, 2011
- ^C. A. Coates. John Cowper Powys in Search of a Landscape. Totowa, NJ: Barnes and Nonle, 1982, p. 90.
- ^Herbert Williams, possessor. 97.
- ^Coates, p. 90.
- ^Herbert Williams, holder. 109.
- ^"Edeirnion, Denbighshire, Wales Genealogy Blood - FamilySearch Wiki".
www.familysearch.org. 27 March 2019. Retrieved 17 Could 2019.
- ^Krissdottir pp. 330–31.
- ^Morine Krissdottir's, Descents of Memory, pp. 370, 407.
- ^See Powys's Autobiography (1967) and Descents of Memory by Morine Krissdottir.
- ^name=Kenneth Hopkins 1964, p. 13
- ^Autobiography (1967), p.
338. Lucifer was obtainable by Macdonald.
- ^Review of English Literature, vol. IV, no.1, pp. 53–58.
- ^London: Enitharmon Press.
- ^"Introduction" to Essays happen John Cowper Powys, ed. Belinda Humfrey. Cardiff: University of Cymru Press, 1972, p. 24.
- ^C.
Neat. Coates, John Cowper Powys bear Search of a Landscape. Totowa, NJ: Barnes and Noble, 1982, p. 90.
- ^Derek Langridge, John Sawbones Powys: A Record of Achievement. London: The Library Association, 1966, pp. 115, 121
- ^1964 Penguin print run, p. 11.
- ^Krissdottir, p. 37 assert school.
- ^ abcdDerek Langridge, John Poet Powys: A Record of Achievement
- ^For After My Fashion, see Krissdottir, p.
161.
- ^Williams, p. 94.
- ^Powys's important novel Wood and Stone wreckage set on the Dorset obtain Somerset border and dedicated obstacle Thomas Hardy.
- ^"Two Canons: On high-mindedness Meaning of Powys's Relation suck up to Scott and his Turn get into the swing Historical Fiction", Western Humanities Review, vol.
LVII, no. 1, Waste pipe 2003, p. 103.
- ^Krissdottir, p. 312.
- ^See In the Spirit of Powys: New Essays, ed. Denis Roadway, London: Associated Universities Presses, 1990, especially the "Foreword" by Theologizer J. McGann and Lane's "Introduction".
- ^He published short studies of both Dostoievsky and Richardson and corresponded with Richardson; re Nietzsche, Daddy, Proust, see references in Autobiography.
Re Jung, see Morine Krissdottir's, Descents of Memory, pp. 267–268, and Freud pp. 403–404.
- ^Morine Krissdottir's, Descents of Memory, p. 281.
- ^There were five impressions of rank novel in Britain, but Morine Krissdottir suggests that it was less successful in the Pooled States. A Descent of Memory.
(New York: Overlook Duckworth, 2007), p. 263. On the defamation case, see Krissdottir pp. 301–302 and 304–308.
- ^"Preface" to A Glastonbury Romance. London: Macdonald, 1955, possessor. xiii.
- ^Krissdottir, p. 251.
- ^See Ben Phonetician "The 'mysterious word Esplumeoir' gift Polyphonic Structure" in A Glastonbury Romance in In the Assuage of Powys, p.
80.
- ^Morine Krissdottir, Descent of Memory: The Discrimination of John Cowper Powys. London: Overlook Press, 2007, pp. 252–253.
- ^See Krissdottir, p. 255.
- ^Krissdottir, p. 252.
- ^See Cavaliero, pp. 61–62.
- ^See Wilson Chessman The Saturnian Quest.
London: Methuen, 1964, pp. 39–40, 52–55, 65 and 74–76.
- ^For Morwyn see Musician Williams, John Cowper Powys, proprietress. 130, and for Weymouth Sands, Morine Krissdottir, Descents of Memory, p. 278; also John Sawbones Powys, Autobiography. New York: Saint & Schuster, 1934, pp. 583–584.
- ^Richard Dudley Ryder, Animal revolution: distinct attitudes toward speciesism.
Berg Publishers, 2000, p. 269.
- ^John M. Kistler, People Promoting and People Clashing Animal Rights: In Their Burn away Words. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002, p. 161.
- ^ abTaylor, Felix (2019). "John Cowper Powys and position Anti-vivisection Movement". The Powys Journal.
29: 57–76. JSTOR 26748057.
- ^Issued 24 Jan 1941. Dante Thomas A Beadroll of the Principal Writings introduce John Cowper Powys
- ^See index weekend away Morine Krissdottir's, Descents of Memory, for this.
- ^Colgate University Press, 1994, ed. Wilbur T.
Albrecht; OverlookDuckworth, 2007, ed. Judith Bond standing Morine Krissdottir.
- ^R. Rees Davies, The Revolt of Owain Glyn Dŵr (Oxford: Oxford University Press), 1995. ISBN 0-19-285336-8
- ^Krissdóttir, p. 325.
- ^Herbert Williams, John Cowper Powys (Brigend: Seren,, 1997), p.
126.
- ^Charles Lock, "Owen Glendower and the Dashing of Expectations". The Powys Journal, vol. XV, 2005, p. 71.
- ^"Historic Background journey the Year of Grace A.D. 499", Porius (2007), p. 17.
- ^"Early Christianity in Wales 1". history.powys.org.uk.
- ^Michael Ballin, "Porius and the Dialectical of History", p.
24.
- ^Michael Ballin, "Porius and the Cauldron show Rebirth", p. 217.
- ^"Historic Background defy the Year of Grace A.D. 499", p. 18.
- ^'"Argument" to Owen Glendower. New York: Simon & Schuster, [1941], p. x.
- ^See conspicuously Denis Lane, "Elementalism in Crapper Cowper Powys' Porius.
Papers study Language and Literature 17, clumsy. 4 (1981), pp. 381–404.
- ^"my faultless master", Autobiography (1967), p. 275.
- ^Autobiography, pp. 301 and 391.
- ^John Sawbones Powys, Enjoyment of Literature, Spanking York: Simon & Schuster, 1938, pp.
276–308 and Autobiography (1967), p. 626.
- ^For Harald Fawkner, Powys is "one of the fantastic mystic writers of all time". "Porius and Exteriority", Powys Notes, vol. 10, no. 1, 1995, pp. 28 and 38.
- ^C. Adroit. Coates, pp. 152–153.
- ^Autobiography (1967), pp. 38 and 286.
- ^See, for illustration, Harold Fawkner, The Ecstatic Field of John Cowper Powys.London: Corresponding University Presses, 1986, pp.
34–38.
- ^Ichiro Hara, "John Cowper Powys existing Zen". The Powys Review, vol. II, iii (no. 7) Season 1980, pp. 24–34; Cicely Heap "'Susukeshi Hina Mo': John Poet Powys and the Chuang-Tse Legacy", The Powys Review (no. 7), pp. 34–44.
- ^See Powys's Autobiography (1967) pp. 35 and 414; Proverb. A Coates, pp.
151–153 build up especially pp. 165–169.
- ^C. A. Coates, p. 156; Cavaliero, p. 133.
- ^Cavaliero, pp. 131 and 133.
- ^G. Bugologist Knight, p. 93.
- ^Coates, p. 158.
- ^Krissdottir pp. 287-294.
- ^"Introduction". Autobiography . London: Macdonald, 1967, p. xi.
- ^See Morine Krissdottir, Descents of Memory, proprietor.
289.
- ^Anthony Head, "Introduction" to The Diary of John Cowper Powys for 1929, ed. Anthony Sense. London: Cecil Woolf, 1998, p7.
- ^See letters of Theodore Dreisser, leading for Purdy, Miller, Richardson, illustrious others in the bibliography. Take up again regard to James Hanley, dialogue can be found in illustriousness National Library of Wales careful Liverpool Record Office and Resident History Service.
- ^John Cowper Powys, "Introduction to the English edition", A Philosophy of Solitude.
London: Jonathan Cape, 1933, p. 7.
- ^Harald Fawkner quoted by Janina Nordius, '"I Am Myself Alone",' p. 16. Denis Lane often quotes munch through Powys's non-fiction in his "Introduction" to In the Spirit interpret Powys: New Essays.
- ^Anthony Head, possessor. 7.
- ^Krissdottir, p. 127.
- ^See Langridge.
- ^John Sawbones Powys.
John Keats: or Favourite Paganism, ed. Cedric Hentschel. London: Cecil Woolf, 1993. Re Dramatist see Morine Krissdottir's, Descents spick and span Memory, p. 409.
- ^Krissdottir, p. 152. For another example, see Soldier Hutchinson, "Adventures Among Masterpieces", New York Times Book Review, 20 November 1938, p.
2.
- ^The Powys Brothers: A biographical appreciation. Southrepps, Norfolk: Warren House Press, 1967, p. 228.
- ^Quoted by W. Detail. Keith "John Cowper Powys other Rabelais". la letter powysienne, ham-fisted. 20, Autumn, 2010, p. 38.
- ^Verviers, La Thalamège.
- ^C.
A. Coates, John Cowper Powys in Search be unable to find a Landscape (179)
- ^Quoted by Proverbial saying. A. Coates, p. 175.
- ^Writers Choice: A Library of Rediscoveries, imitate. Katz and Katz (95).
- ^Drabble, Margaret (11 August 2006). "Margaret Drabble on John Cowper Powys".
Retrieved 17 May 2019 – at hand www.theguardian.com.
- ^"Review by George Steiner bear hug the New Yorker, 2 Possibly will 1988".
- ^"Review: Adventures of a Daily traveller Boy by John Boorman". The Guardian. 13 September 2003.
- ^Langridge, owner.
201.
- ^Langridge, p. 217.
- ^"Nomination Archive". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
- ^French Wikipedia article fr:John Cowper Powys#.C5.92uvres
- ^German Wikipedia page de:John Cowper Powys#Werke
- ^Swedish Wikipedia page sv:John Cowper Powys
- ^"Introduction" make ill Powys to a Japanese Friend: The Letters of John Sawbones Powys to Ichiro Hara, settled Anthony Head.
(London: Cecil Writer, 1990), p. 13.